AZE.US
Public and political debate in Armenia has intensified over the country’s foreign policy direction, including how to balance longstanding ties with Russia against expanding cooperation with Western partners in energy, technology and infrastructure.
Discussions have been fueled by proposed projects that supporters say could accelerate technological modernization, reduce external energy dependence and create new economic sectors, including data centers and advanced energy systems.
Advocates of diversification argue that deeper engagement with the United States and other Western partners may broaden Armenia’s economic opportunities and strengthen long-term resilience.
Others warn of potential political and economic pressure from Moscow, as well as the continued influence of pro-Russian actors within Armenia’s domestic landscape.
Control and modernization of key infrastructure – particularly railways – remain central to the debate.
Some analysts call for faster upgrades by Russian operators, while others propose involving neutral international partners like Qatar to improve efficiency and lower geopolitical risk.
Armenian officials have signaled that the country is not seeking a rupture with Russia but rather a more flexible foreign policy model aimed at preserving security while expanding economic and technological cooperation.
The discussion increasingly reflects a broader strategic question facing Armenia: how to sustain development and stability amid competition among major external powers in the South Caucasus.