AZE.US
Azerbaijan is preparing a legal and technological framework for autonomous vehicles, paving the way for driverless cars and buses to eventually operate on the streets of Baku.
Under the proposed rules, autonomous vehicles would be allowed to operate only after state registration and within areas or routes designated by the relevant authorities.
At the initial stage, driverless buses could be tested and operated on specially designated lanes or limited routes.
Autonomous vehicles would also be required to carry a special identification sign distinguishing them from conventional vehicles.
Remote Operators to Monitor Vehicles
Even if there is no driver inside the vehicle, its operation would be monitored by an operator at a remote control center.
The proposed framework requires autonomous vehicles to be capable of switching to a safe mode in the event of a dangerous situation or technical malfunction. Remote operators would also be able to intervene when necessary.
The legislation calls for the establishment of remote control centers, testing of automated driving systems and real-time transmission and storage of vehicle data through government information systems.
Operators of autonomous vehicles would be required to obtain special certification.
Who Is Responsible in a Crash?
One of the key questions surrounding driverless vehicles is who would be held responsible if an accident occurs.
Under the proposed approach, investigators would first determine the cause of the crash and analyze the vehicle’s operating mode at the time of the incident.
A remote operator would effectively be treated similarly to a driver and could bear responsibility where the accident is linked to the operation of the vehicle.
If a crash is caused by a software or technical failure, authorities would have to determine whether the fault originated in the autonomous driving system.
Data stored by the vehicle’s automated systems could be used in investigations in a way similar to a “black box.”
AYNA to Oversee Autonomous Vehicles
Oversight of autonomous vehicle operations is expected to be handled by the Azerbaijan Land Transport Agency, known as AYNA.
Information related to autonomous vehicles would be integrated with AYNA’s information systems, Azerbaijan’s e-government infrastructure and the central information system of the State Traffic Police.
Supporters of autonomous transport argue that one of its main advantages is improved road safety.
Unlike human drivers, automated systems do not become tired, use mobile phones while driving or lose concentration. Cameras, sensors and automated systems continuously monitor road conditions, nearby vehicles, traffic signs and pedestrians.
Autonomous cars, buses and taxis are already being tested or operated in countries including the United States, China and the United Arab Emirates.
The creation of a regulatory framework means similar technology could gradually appear in Baku, although large-scale deployment would require significant investment in road, digital and communications infrastructure.
AZE.US